B

Bandwidth

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network path, typically measured in bits per second (bps, Mbps, Gbps).

What is Bandwidth?

Bandwidth refers to the maximum rate at which data can be transferred over a network connection in a given amount of time. It represents the capacity of a network link, not the actual speed of data transfer (throughput).

Bandwidth vs. Throughput

  • Bandwidth: Maximum theoretical capacity
  • Throughput: Actual data transfer rate achieved
  • Throughput is always less than bandwidth due to overhead and congestion

Bandwidth Measurements

  • bps: Bits per second (base unit)
  • Kbps: Kilobits per second (1,000 bps)
  • Mbps: Megabits per second (1,000,000 bps)
  • Gbps: Gigabits per second (1,000,000,000 bps)

Factors Affecting Bandwidth

  • Physical medium (fiber vs. copper vs. wireless)
  • Network equipment capabilities
  • Protocol overhead
  • Congestion and traffic patterns
  • Distance and signal quality

Bandwidth Management

  • Quality of Service (QoS) prioritization
  • Traffic shaping and policing
  • Bandwidth allocation per user/application
  • Link aggregation for increased capacity
  • CDN usage for content delivery