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DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
A network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and network configuration to devices when they connect to a network.
What is DHCP?
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network management protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network. This automation eliminates the need for manual IP configuration on each device.
How DHCP Works
When a device connects to a network, it broadcasts a DHCP discover message. A DHCP server responds with an offer containing an available IP address and configuration details. The client accepts the offer, and the server acknowledges the assignment, completing the four-step DORA process (Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge).
Key Components
- DHCP Server: Manages the pool of IP addresses and configuration information
- DHCP Client: Any device requesting network configuration
- IP Address Pool: Range of addresses available for assignment
- Lease Duration: Time period for which an IP assignment remains valid
Benefits
- Reduces administrative overhead
- Prevents IP address conflicts
- Enables centralized network management
- Supports mobile devices seamlessly