SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

A protocol for collecting and organizing information about managed devices on IP networks and modifying device configurations.

What is SNMP?

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application layer protocol for managing and monitoring network devices. It enables administrators to collect performance data, detect faults, and configure devices remotely.

SNMP Components

Manager: Central system running NMS software
Agent: Software on managed devices
MIB: Management Information Base (data structure)
OID: Object Identifier (unique data point identifier)

SNMP Operations

GET: Retrieve value from device
SET: Modify value on device
GETNEXT: Retrieve next OID value
TRAP: Unsolicited alert from device to manager
INFORM: Acknowledged trap (SNMPv2/v3)

SNMP Versions

SNMPv1: Basic functionality, community string auth
SNMPv2c: Improved performance, still community strings
SNMPv3: Authentication, encryption, access control

Security Considerations

SNMPv1/v2c use plaintext community strings
Always use SNMPv3 in production
Restrict SNMP access to management networks
Change default community strings
Monitor for unauthorized SNMP access