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Subnet
A logical subdivision of an IP network that divides a larger network into smaller, more manageable segments for better organization and security.
What is a Subnet?
A subnet (subnetwork) is a logical subdivision of an IP network. Subnetting divides a large network into smaller segments, each operating as an independent network while remaining part of the larger organization.
How Subnetting Works
Subnetting uses a subnet mask to define which portion of an IP address identifies the network and which identifies the host. By borrowing bits from the host portion, administrators create multiple smaller networks from a single larger block.
Subnet Mask
The subnet mask indicates network boundaries:
- 255.255.255.0 (/24): 256 addresses, 254 usable hosts
- 255.255.255.128 (/25): 128 addresses, 126 usable hosts
- 255.255.255.192 (/26): 64 addresses, 62 usable hosts
Benefits of Subnetting
- Improved network organization and management
- Enhanced security through traffic isolation
- Reduced broadcast domains
- Efficient IP address utilization
- Simplified troubleshooting
- Better performance by limiting broadcast traffic